Fish
Giant African threadfin (capitaine)
Barbudo gigante africano (capitán)
Polydactylus quadrifilis
At a glance
10–50 lb.
Surf to about 180 ft.
Early morning, late afternoon and night.
2 areas
Know it
Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.
- Identification
A big, silver to bronze fish with a rounded snout that overhangs the mouth, a large forked tail, two separate dorsal fins, dark pectoral fins, and four long, free 'threads' (feelers) under each pectoral fin. The largest of all threadfins.
- Typical size
10–50 lb.
- Maximum size
About 6½ ft (200 cm) and about 165 lb (75 kg).
- Diet
Shrimp, crabs and small fish found by feeling the bottom with its threads.
- Behavior
Patrols sandy and muddy bottoms along beaches, lagoon mouths and estuaries, often in murky water; big fish stay in the sea while smaller ones enter estuaries.
Find it
Where, when and how deep to look.
- Where to find it
Found from Morocco & West Africa and Gulf of Guinea & Central Africa. Shallow coastal waters, surf beaches, river mouths and estuaries from Senegal (and Mauritania) to Angola, including Guinea-Bissau's Bijagós, Sierra Leone, Gabon (Port-Gentil, Sette Cama) and Congo.
- Habitat
Shallow coastal waters, surf beaches, river mouths and estuaries from Senegal (and Mauritania) to Angola, including Guinea-Bissau's Bijagós, Sierra Leone, Gabon (Port-Gentil, Sette Cama) and Congo.
- Depth
Surf to about 180 ft.
- Fishing depth
3–40 ft along beaches, lagoon mouths and channel edges.
- Best season
Year-round; dry-season months (about November to April along much of the coast) bring clearer water.
- Best time
Early morning, late afternoon and night.
- Best tides
Moving tides at lagoon and river mouths.
- Best weather / conditions
Calm surf and steady weather.
Bait & gear
What to tie on and what to throw.
- Best bait
Live mullet, shrimp, crabs and fish fillets.
- Best artificial lures
Soft plastic paddle-tails on jig heads, diving minnows and lipless plugs worked near the bottom.
- Tackle setup
Heavy 9–11 ft surf spinning rod, or a medium-heavy 7 ft rod from boats.
- Hook size
5/0–8/0 circle hooks for bait.
- Line
40–65 lb braid.
- Leader
60–80 lb fluorocarbon.
BigJoe's setup for Giant African threadfin (capitaine)
The rod, reel, line and lures BigJoe would use.
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Catch it
Step by step, from first cast to landing.
Step-by-step: how to catch it
- Go where it lives: Shallow coastal waters, surf beaches, river mouths and estuaries from Senegal (and Mauritania) to Angola, including Guinea-Bissau's Bijagós, Sierra Leone, Gabon (Port-Gentil, Sette Cama) and Congo.
- Rig up: Heavy 9–11 ft surf spinning rod, or a medium-heavy 7 ft rod from boats. 60–80 lb fluorocarbon.
- Pick your bait: Live mullet, shrimp, crabs and fish fillets. Lures: Soft plastic paddle-tails on jig heads, diving minnows and lipless plugs worked near the bottom.
- Fish it: Cast live or cut bait into the troughs along beaches and lagoon mouths, or bounce soft plastics slowly along the bottom from a boat; capitaine fight with long, heavy runs.
- Time it: Early morning, late afternoon and night. Moving tides at lagoon and river mouths.
- Fishing techniques
Cast live or cut bait into the troughs along beaches and lagoon mouths, or bounce soft plastics slowly along the bottom from a boat; capitaine fight with long, heavy runs.
- BigJoe's tip
Fish where a lagoon or river mouth drains into the surf on the outgoing tide — capitaine wait there for shrimp and small fish.
- Catch and release
Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.
Clean & cook
Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.
- Edibility
Excellent eating — one of the best-tasting fish in its range.
- Cleaning
Bleed and ice it right away. Fillet, then remove the skin and any dark bloodline.
- Cooking suggestions
One of West Africa's best eating fish — firm white fillets, grilled, fried or in stews.
Stay safe & legal
Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.
- Safety warnings
Big fish are heavy and slippery; sharks and stingrays share the surf.
- Regulations
Gabon's coastal parks (such as Loango) and many lodges are catch-and-release for sport anglers; commercial fishing is heavy along the coast. Licensing is handled country by country and is usually arranged through the charter boat or lodge; national parks and marine reserves (such as Loango in Gabon and the Bijagós in Guinea-Bissau) have their own rules, often catch-and-release.
- Conservation
Release big breeding fish; keep a smaller one for dinner if the rules allow.
Where it's found
Tap an area to open its fishing map.