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Sharks & Rays

Bat ray

Raya murciélago

Myliobatis californica

SaltwaterBrackish

At a glance

Typical size

10–50 lb.

Depth

3–150 ft.

Best time

Afternoon, evening and night.

Found in

4 areas

1

Know it

Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.

Identification

Big eagle ray with wide, pointed wings, a dark brown to olive-black back, a white belly, a thick, raised head with the eyes on the sides, and a long whip-like tail with one or more venomous spines near the base.

Typical size

10–50 lb.

Maximum size

About 6 ft across and around 200 lb (big females).

Diet

Clams, crabs, shrimp, worms and small fish dug from the sand.

Behavior

Flaps along sandy and muddy bottoms digging pits for clams; pulls like a freight train when hooked.

2

Find it

Where, when and how deep to look.

Where to find it

Found from Southern California, Central & Northern California, Oregon & Washington and Baja & Sea of Cortez. Bays, estuaries, kelp edges and sandy beaches from Oregon to the Gulf of California; common in San Francisco Bay, Elkhorn Slough and southern California harbors.

Habitat

Bays, estuaries, kelp edges and sandy beaches from Oregon to the Gulf of California; common in San Francisco Bay, Elkhorn Slough and southern California harbors.

Depth

3–150 ft.

Fishing depth

3–30 ft on the bottom.

Best season

Spring through fall.

Best time

Afternoon, evening and night.

Best tides

Incoming tide in bays.

Best weather / conditions

Any.

3

Bait & gear

What to tie on and what to throw.

Best bait

Squid, mackerel chunks, clams and shrimp.

Best artificial lures

None.

Tackle setup

Heavy surf or pier rod.

Hook size

4/0–7/0 circle hooks.

Line

30–50 lb.

Leader

50–80 lb mono.

4

Catch it

Step by step, from first cast to landing.

Step-by-step: how to catch it

  1. Go where it lives: Bays, estuaries, kelp edges and sandy beaches from Oregon to the Gulf of California; common in San Francisco Bay, Elkhorn Slough and southern California harbors.
  2. Rig up: Heavy surf or pier rod. 50–80 lb mono.
  3. Pick your bait: Squid, mackerel chunks, clams and shrimp. Lures: None.
  4. Fish it: Fish squid or mackerel on the bottom from piers and boats in bays; keep steady pressure so it can't suck down to the bottom.
  5. Time it: Afternoon, evening and night. Incoming tide in bays.
Fishing techniques

Fish squid or mackerel on the bottom from piers and boats in bays; keep steady pressure so it can't suck down to the bottom.

BigJoe's tip

If it 'suctions' to the bottom, pump the rod and change the angle by moving along the pier.

Catch and release

Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.

5

Clean & cook

Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.

Edibility

Edible but not prized — strong or bony; many anglers release it.

Cleaning

Bleed and ice it right away. Fillet, then remove the skin and any dark bloodline.

Cooking suggestions

The wing meat is edible (bleed it right away), but most anglers release them.

6

Stay safe & legal

Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.

Safety warnings

Venomous tail spine causes a very painful wound — never grab the tail; use pliers and cut the line if needed.

Regulations

California sets limits for rays and sharks; check local rules. Licenses, size and bag limits and seasons are set by each state — the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (wildlife.ca.gov), Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (myodfw.com) and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (wdfw.wa.gov) — together with NOAA Fisheries and the Pacific Fishery Management Council. Rules change often, and many areas are no-take marine reserves: check before you go.

Conservation

Common; important in bay food webs.

Sources & photo credits

Sources

  1. FishBase — Myliobatis californica
  2. IUCN Red List — Myliobatis californica
  3. International Game Fish Association (IGFA)
  4. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture
  5. Photo credits