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Freshwater

Spotted gar

Catán pintado (pejelagarto pintado)

Lepisosteus oculatus

FreshwaterBrackish

At a glance

Typical size

2–5 lb.

Depth

1–15 ft.

Best time

Daytime.

Found in

7 areas

1

Know it

Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.

Identification

Long, olive-brown gar with a short, broad snout and round dark spots all over the body, fins AND the top of the head and snout (the Florida gar has no spots on the top of the head).

Typical size

2–5 lb.

Maximum size

About 3½ ft and close to 10 lb.

Diet

Small fish and crayfish.

Behavior

Lies still near the surface in weedy, clear backwaters and gulps air; strikes fast with a sideways snap.

2

Find it

Where, when and how deep to look.

Where to find it

Found from Louisiana & Mississippi Delta, Texas & Oklahoma Lakes, Ozarks & Mid-South, Midwest & Ohio Valley Lakes, U.S. Great Lakes, Southeast Lakes and Florida Freshwater. Weedy lakes, swamps, oxbows and bayous from Lake Erie and the Mississippi basin to the Gulf Coast, from Texas to the Florida panhandle.

Habitat

Weedy lakes, swamps, oxbows and bayous from Lake Erie and the Mississippi basin to the Gulf Coast, from Texas to the Florida panhandle.

Depth

1–15 ft.

Fishing depth

Near the surface in 2–8 ft.

Best season

Spring through fall.

Best time

Daytime.

Best tides

No tide — in rivers, falling water after the rainy season is best.

Best weather / conditions

Warm, calm days.

3

Bait & gear

What to tie on and what to throw.

Best bait

Live minnows under a float.

Best artificial lures

Rope lures (nylon frayed rope) that tangle in the teeth, and small topwaters.

Tackle setup

Medium spinning rod.

Hook size

Small treble or rope lure.

Line

10–20 lb braid.

Leader

Wire or 30 lb fluorocarbon.

4

Catch it

Step by step, from first cast to landing.

Step-by-step: how to catch it

  1. Go where it lives: Weedy lakes, swamps, oxbows and bayous from Lake Erie and the Mississippi basin to the Gulf Coast, from Texas to the Florida panhandle.
  2. Rig up: Medium spinning rod. Wire or 30 lb fluorocarbon.
  3. Pick your bait: Live minnows under a float. Lures: Rope lures (nylon frayed rope) that tangle in the teeth, and small topwaters.
  4. Fish it: Cast a rope lure past a gar lying at the surface and drag it slowly by; let the gar chew before you pull.
  5. Time it: Daytime. No tide — in rivers, falling water after the rainy season is best.
Fishing techniques

Cast a rope lure past a gar lying at the surface and drag it slowly by; let the gar chew before you pull.

BigJoe's tip

Look at the top of the head: spots mean spotted gar.

Catch and release

Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.

5

Clean & cook

Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.

Edibility

Edible but not prized — strong or bony; many anglers release it.

Cleaning

Bleed and ice it right away. Fillet, then remove the skin and any dark bloodline.

Cooking suggestions

Tough armored skin; the white backstrap meat is good fried or in gar balls. Never eat the roe.

6

Stay safe & legal

Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.

Safety warnings

Needle-sharp teeth. The eggs are poisonous to people — never eat gar roe.

Regulations

Some states set limits on gar; check local rules. Licenses, limits and seasons are set by each province, territory or state, and many lakes and rivers have special size limits, slot limits or closed spawning seasons — check the current regulations for the water you fish.

Conservation

Native fish that play a role in keeping small fish in balance.

Sources & photo credits

Sources

  1. FishBase — Lepisosteus oculatus
  2. IUCN Red List — Lepisosteus oculatus
  3. International Game Fish Association (IGFA)
  4. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture
  5. Photo credits