Fish

Atlantic croaker

Corvina rayada (gurrubata)

Micropogonias undulatus

SaltwaterBrackish

At a glance

Typical size

8–14 in.

Depth

3–30 ft.

Best time

Early morning and late afternoon; night fishing from piers works well.

Found in

8 areas

Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.

Identification: Silvery-bronze with wavy dark bars on the back and tiny barbels on the chin; makes a loud croaking sound.
Typical size: 8–14 in.
Maximum size: About 20 in.
Diet: Small crabs, sand fleas (mole crabs), shrimp, worms and clams.
Behavior: Cruises the surf troughs, sandbars and pier pilings in schools, rooting food out of the sand.

Where, when and how deep to look.

Where to find it: Found from Florida Atlantic Coast, Florida Gulf Coast, Northern Gulf (AL–TX), Mexico Gulf Coast, Georgia & South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia & Chesapeake Bay and Delaware & New Jersey. Sand and mud bottoms in bays, surf, piers and channels.
Habitat: Sand and mud bottoms in bays, surf, piers and channels.
Depth: 3–30 ft.
Fishing depth: 2–10 ft in the first and second surf trough, or around pier pilings.
Best season: Spring and fall runs are best along Florida and Gulf beaches; many are around all year.
Best time: Early morning and late afternoon; night fishing from piers works well.
Best tides: Rising tide into high tide fills the troughs and brings fish close.
Best weather / conditions: Light to moderate surf; a little wave action stirs up food. Avoid heavy shore break.

What to tie on and what to throw.

Best bait: Shrimp, squid, bloodworms, clam and sand fleas.
Best artificial lures: Fishbites strips or a small jig tipped with shrimp.
Tackle setup: 9–11 ft surf rod with a 4000–5000 spinning reel, or a 7 ft rod from piers.
Hook size: #4–1/0 hooks (small circle or long-shank).
Line: 12–20 lb mono or braid.
Leader: 15–20 lb mono or fluorocarbon.

The rod, reel, line and lures BigJoe would use.

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Step by step, from first cast to landing.

Go where it lives: Sand and mud bottoms in bays, surf, piers and channels.
Rig up: 9–11 ft surf rod with a 4000–5000 spinning reel, or a 7 ft rod from piers. 15–20 lb mono or fluorocarbon.
Pick your bait: Shrimp, squid, bloodworms, clam and sand fleas. Lures: Fishbites strips or a small jig tipped with shrimp.
Fish it: Two-hook bottom rig with small hooks off piers, bridges and beaches.
Time it: Early morning and late afternoon; night fishing from piers works well. Rising tide into high tide fills the troughs and brings fish close.

Fishing techniques: Two-hook bottom rig with small hooks off piers, bridges and beaches.
BigJoe's tip: Great fish for kids — steady bites and easy to catch.
Catch and release: Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.

Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.

Edibility: Good eating when fresh.
Cleaning: Bleed and ice it right away. Fillet, then remove the skin and any dark bloodline.
Cooking suggestions: Cook fish to 145°F (63°C) — the flesh turns opaque and flakes easily. Fry, grill, bake or blacken.

Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.

Safety warnings: Spines on the back can poke — grip from behind the head.
Regulations: Generally no Florida bag limit, but check FWC and your state. A Florida fishing license is required unless you are exempt; Florida rules are set by FWC (myfwc.com). Federal waters fall under NOAA Fisheries. Other states and countries set their own limits — check before you keep fish.
Conservation: Keep only what you'll eat, release the rest quickly, and follow size and bag limits.

Tap an area to open its fishing map.

Sources & photo credits